{"id":68279,"date":"2023-12-20T01:00:19","date_gmt":"2023-12-20T00:00:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/?p=68279"},"modified":"2023-12-20T11:14:26","modified_gmt":"2023-12-20T10:14:26","slug":"i-fotsparen-pa-orwell-i-barcelona","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/artiklar\/kultur\/i-fotsparen-pa-orwell-i-barcelona\/","title":{"rendered":"I fotsp\u00e5ren p\u00e5 Orwell i Barcelona"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Under ledning av general Franco, och med stridsropet \u201dViva la Muerte!\u201d (&#8221;Leve D\u00f6den&#8221;) p\u00e5b\u00f6rjades i juli 1936 ett milit\u00e4rt uppror mot den lagligt valda republikanska regeringen.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Snabbt kom tusentals frivilliga fr\u00e5n hela v\u00e4rlden att \u00e5ka till Spanien f\u00f6r att f\u00f6rsvara demokratin. En av dem var den engelske f\u00f6rfattaren George Orwell.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Av Kenneth Karlsson, kennethspain@hotmail.com<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Den 26 december 1936 \u00e4r en svinkall dag. Ett t\u00e5g tuffar l\u00e5ngsamt in i det av anarkisterna styrda Barcelona. F\u00f6rfattaren \u00e4r tr\u00f6tt, d\u00e5ligt kl\u00e4dd, men fast besluten. En adresslapp i rockfickan. Det \u00e5ngar ur hans mun n\u00e4r han stiger ner p\u00e5 perrongen; l\u00e4ser p\u00e5 skylten: Estaci\u00f3 de Fran\u00e7a. \u00c4ventyret kan b\u00f6rja.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-68281 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/02-stor-300x225.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/02-stor-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/02-stor-900x675.jpeg 900w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/02-stor-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/02-stor-610x458.jpeg 610w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/02-stor-1080x810.jpeg 1080w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/02-stor-600x450.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/02-stor.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>I december 1936 \u00e4r f\u00f6rfattaren Orwell bara en i m\u00e4ngden av alla utl\u00e4nningar som s\u00f6kt sig till staden och striden. Han g\u00e5r uppf\u00f6r Las Ramblas, ser anarkisternas r\u00f6dsvarta fanor h\u00e4nga fr\u00e5n fasaderna, spanar efter skylten till Hotel Continental. D\u00e4r ska han \u00f6vernatta, och n\u00e4sta dag ska han upps\u00f6ka Leninkasernen, anm\u00e4la sig till milisen, f\u00e5 milit\u00e4risk \u201dutbildning\u201d f\u00f6r att d\u00e4refter s\u00e4ndas till Aragonfronten.<\/p>\n<p>Vi s\u00e4tter oss p\u00e5 balkongen p\u00e5 Hotel Continental, smuttar p\u00e5 \u00f6len, betraktar folklivet nere p\u00e5 Las Ramblas. Och jo d\u00e5, den unga tjejen i receptionen vet mycket v\u00e4l att Orwell bodde h\u00e4r.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-68282 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/03-stor-1-300x225.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/03-stor-1-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/03-stor-1-900x675.jpeg 900w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/03-stor-1-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/03-stor-1-610x458.jpeg 610w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/03-stor-1-1080x810.jpeg 1080w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/03-stor-1-600x450.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/03-stor-1.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>F\u00f6rfattaren har vilat ut p\u00e5 Hotel Continental. Han \u00e4r inte p\u00e5 semesterresa &#8211; han \u00e4r d\u00e4r f\u00f6r att delta i ett blodigt inb\u00f6rdeskrig. I den marxistiska gruppen POUM:s tr\u00e4ningsl\u00e4ger skolas han f\u00f6r strid; Orwell \u00e4r skr\u00e4ckslagen &#8211; &#8221;v\u00e5r sammanh\u00e5llning var mindre \u00e4n en f\u00e5rhjords&#8230;&#8221;. Utan vapen skickas han ut till fronten vid Aragon, d\u00e4r fascisterna hotar att bryta igenom och ta Barcelona.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00e5 hotellrummet kollar vi in Ken Loachs spelfilm &#8221;Land and freedom&#8221;, som i stort f\u00f6ljer George Orwells f\u00f6rehavande i Spanien 1936-37. Vi ligger nedb\u00e4ddade bland st\u00e4rkta s\u00e4nglinnen. Dricker vin. Jag fotar tv-rutan.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-68283 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/04-stor-300x225.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/04-stor-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/04-stor-900x675.jpeg 900w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/04-stor-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/04-stor-610x458.jpeg 610w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/04-stor-1080x810.jpeg 1080w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/04-stor-600x450.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/04-stor.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>F\u00f6rfattaren Orwell tillbringar m\u00e5nader vid den stillast\u00e5ende Aragongr\u00e4nsen innan han \u00e5terv\u00e4nder till Barcelona i slutet av april 1937. Han hamnar mitt i det som sedan blir kallat &#8221;The May Days&#8221;: Forna allierade p\u00e5 v\u00e4nstersidan som i st\u00e4llet f\u00f6r att sl\u00e5ss mot Franco b\u00f6rjar rikta vapnen mot varandra, ett inb\u00f6rdeskrig i inb\u00f6rdeskriget.<\/p>\n<p>Det startar uppe p\u00e5 Plaza de Catalo\u00f1a, barrikader byggs, skottsalvor h\u00f6rs, m\u00e4nniskor d\u00f6r. &#8221;Kom igen!&#8221; ropar n\u00e5gon \u00e5t Orwell. &#8221;Men vad fan handlar det hela om!?&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Om allt detta kan Nick Lloyd ber\u00e4tta d\u00e4r han st\u00e5r med ett soligt fredligt Plaza de Catalo\u00f1a bakom sig. Vill man veta n\u00e5t om The May Days b\u00f6r man upps\u00f6ka Nick, vilket vi gjorde.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-68284 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/05-stor-300x225.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/05-stor-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/05-stor-900x675.jpeg 900w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/05-stor-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/05-stor-610x458.jpeg 610w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/05-stor-1080x810.jpeg 1080w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/05-stor-600x450.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/05-stor.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>De interna striderna mellan v\u00e4nstergrupperna i Barcelona utl\u00f6ser riktigt v\u00e5ld p\u00e5 gatorna den 3 maj 1937. V\u00e5r f\u00f6rfattare befinner sig mitt i smeten. Han f\u00e5r order att bege sig upp i ett observatorium p\u00e5 biografen Poliorama, l\u00e4ngst upp p\u00e5 promenadstr\u00e5ket Las Ramblas. D\u00e4r tillbringar han flera dygn.<\/p>\n<p>Skottlossning mot forna v\u00e4nner, som ropar tillbaka \u00f6ver gatan: &#8221;Vi vill inte skjuta p\u00e5 er. Vi \u00e4r vanliga arbetare precis som ni!&#8221;. Och s\u00e5 kommer ett skott tillbaka. Orwell duckar och funderar \u00f6ver tillst\u00e5ndet, med &#8221;koncentrerad avsmak och vrede&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Vi passerar observatorietornen. Las Ramblas pulserar av liv i v\u00e5rsolen. Det mesta \u00e4r b\u00e4ttre nu.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_68285\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-68285\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-68285\" src=\"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/06-stor-2-300x225.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/06-stor-2-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/06-stor-2-900x675.jpeg 900w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/06-stor-2-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/06-stor-2-610x458.jpeg 610w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/06-stor-2-1080x810.jpeg 1080w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/06-stor-2-600x450.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/lightweb.dev\/l\/svm-temp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/06-stor-2.jpeg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-68285\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Foto: Hans Gutmann. Copyright Juan Guzman. Fr\u00e5n Wikimedia<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Vi g\u00e5r upp till Plaza de Catalo\u00f1a igen, d\u00e4r revolutionen i Barcelona startade och d\u00e4r den ocks\u00e5 dog. Tittar upp mot den m\u00e4ktiga fasaden av gamla Hotel Col\u00f3n, d\u00e4r Marina Ginesta en g\u00e5ng frimodigt och stridslystet poserade.<\/p>\n<p>Syndikalister och anarkister styrde Barcelona i n\u00e4stan ett \u00e5r, fr\u00e5n sommaren 1936 till maj 1937. Sedan tr\u00f6ttnade centralregeringen i Madrid, troligen p\u00e5 order fr\u00e5n Stalins Moskva. Soldater sattes in f\u00f6r att avv\u00e4pna anarkisterna. H\u00e5rda gatustrider f\u00f6ljde. V\u00e5r f\u00f6rfattare George Orwells liv \u00e4r i fara, ty snart \u00e4r det f\u00f6rbjudet att tillh\u00f6ra anarkisternas CNT eller antistalinisternas POUM, som Orwell anslutit sig till. Folk f\u00e4ngslas, m\u00f6rdas, inte av fascisterna utan av forna allierade.<\/p>\n<p>Snart ska dock Francos trupper marschera in i staden, inget motst\u00e5nd bjuds. Orwell flyr f\u00f6r sitt liv. S\u00e5 g\u00f6r ocks\u00e5 Marina Ginesta, symbolen f\u00f6r det revolution\u00e4ra Barcelona.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Under ledning av general Franco, och med stridsropet \u201dViva la Muerte!\u201d (&#8221;Leve D\u00f6den&#8221;) p\u00e5b\u00f6rjades i juli 1936 ett milit\u00e4rt uppror mot den lagligt valda republikanska regeringen. Snabbt kom tusentals frivilliga fr\u00e5n hela v\u00e4rlden&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":68280,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artiklar","category-kultur"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.2 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>I fotsp\u00e5ren p\u00e5 Orwell i Barcelona - Svenska Magasinet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Under ledning av general Franco, och med stridsropet \u201dViva la Muerte!\u201d (&quot;Leve D\u00f6den&quot;) p\u00e5b\u00f6rjades i juli 1936 ett milit\u00e4rt uppror mot den lagligt valda republikanska regeringen. Snabbt kom tusentals frivilliga fr\u00e5n hela v\u00e4rlden att \u00e5ka till Spanien f\u00f6r att f\u00f6rsvara demokratin. En av dem var den engelske f\u00f6rfattaren George Orwell.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sv_SE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"I fotsp\u00e5ren p\u00e5 Orwell i Barcelona\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Under ledning av general Franco, och med stridsropet \u201dViva la Muerte!\u201d (&quot;Leve D\u00f6den&quot;) p\u00e5b\u00f6rjades i juli 1936 ett milit\u00e4rt uppror mot den lagligt valda republikanska regeringen. Snabbt kom tusentals frivilliga fr\u00e5n hela v\u00e4rlden att \u00e5ka till Spanien f\u00f6r att f\u00f6rsvara demokratin. 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